Notes:

Arnulph's name has been found listed as Arnold I, the Great and the Old of Flanders. His wife's name can be spelled Alisa/Athele, and Alix of Vermadois also. Arnulph reigned from 918 to 950. In 950 he abdicated the throne to his son Baldwin III. When Baldwin preceded him in death, he again took the throne until 965 when he abdicated to his "kinsman" Arnulph II. (C-1383, 1387)

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Baldwin III COUNT OF FLANDERS AND ARTOIS died in 962.
2. Elstrude D.Of ARNULPH I

Notes:

He ruled from the time of his father's death. His enemy were the Normans. (C-1387)

Baldwin married Elfrida. Elfrida (daughter of Alfred "The Great", King Of England and Ealhswith) died in 929 in Ghent, , , England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Her name is also spelled Alfritha and Elstrita. (C-336, p. I, 1387)

Notes:

Baldwin I's mother is listed as Richelu in Harry's book and Ermengarde in Coats' book. He was called Baldwin Forester and "The Iron Arm". He eloped with the daughter of Charles II, "The Bald" of France and was finally accepted by his father-in-law in 864 when he was given the title "Governor of the Countship of Flanders." (C-437 & C-336, 1387)

Baldwin married Judith UNKNOWN in 862. Judith (daughter of Charles Ii, "The Bald" EMPEROR OF FRANCE) was born in 844 in , , , France; and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Judith's mother was Ermengarde of Orleans according to the Magna Charta Pedigrees of Barons by Wurtz or Charles' second wife, Richildu, according to "The Ancestors and Descendants of Hugh Harry and Elizabeth Brinton" by Robert Jesse Harry, Compiler. (C-333c, 437, p. 567)

Notes:

Alfred reigned as King of England from 871-899. He defeated the Danish in their attempt to conquer England at Edington in 878. He enabled the Danes to keep conquered territories in Mercia and East Anglia if the Danes' King Guthrum converted to Christianity. He then fortified against futher Danish invasion by building a navy of ships to defend himself along the southern coast as well as forts along Wessex. This apparently was needed from the years of 885-886 and again in 892-896. In 886, he gained London as a territory of England. He controlled all of England except for the territories held by Danes. (C-865, 1857)What the military strength of this "Great" King enabled him to do was to spread an amazing idea at the time that helped the world move forward. "Alfred considered learning and literacy to be crucial for the acquisition of wisdom and therefore necessary for men to live in accordance with God's will. During his reign he insisted that freedmen of adequate means learn to read English, and he himself translated Latin texts into the vernacular for the benefit of his people" Encyclopedia Britannica.

Alfred married Ealhswith in 868 in Winchester, Hampshire, ENG. Ealhswith was born in 852; died in 902. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

He is also listed as "The Bold", King of the West Franks in some sources. He was the King of France from 843-877 and the Holy Roman Emeror from 875-877. He and his brothers, Lothaire, and Louis all signed the "Treaty of Verdun" in 843 which split Charlomagne's empire into three. He started with the western portion and later gained the south of France that included Occitane, Languedoc, and pays Basque which was known as Cathar country plus the Cote d'Azur. He often made raids into Normandy. Feudalism also developed during his reign. (C-2247)

Notes:

Also spelled Ethelwulf, he reigned as King of England (also King of Wessex) from 839-856. (C-865, C-2425) This is the information provided by Brian Tompsett on his Royal geanealogy site: "Reigned 839-856 (abdicated). Under-king of Kent 825-839 and 856-858. Renown for his military prowess, he reputedly defeated 350 viking ships (851). He reduced taxation, endowed the Church, made lay lands inheritable, and provided systems of poor relief."

Aethelwulf married Osburga. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]